Design characteristics Main and anti-torque rotorsĪ helicopter is a type of rotorcraft in which lift and thrust are supplied by one or more horizontally-spinning rotors. In the United States military, the common slang is "helo" pronounced with a long "e". English language nicknames for "helicopter" include "chopper", "copter", "heli", and "whirlybird". ![]() In a process of rebracketing, the word is often (erroneously, from an etymological point of view) perceived by English speakers as consisting of heli- and -copter, leading to words like helipad and quadcopter. The English word helicopter is adapted from the French word hélicoptère, coined by Gustave Ponton d'Amécourt in 1861, which originates from the Greek helix ( ἕλιξ), genitive helikos (ἕλῐκος), "helix, spiral, whirl, convolution" and pteron ( πτερόν) "wing". Quadrotor helicopters ( quadcopters) were pioneered as early as 1907 in France, and along with other types of multicopters, have been developed mainly for specialized applications such as drones. However, twin-main rotor helicopters (bicopters), in either tandem or transverse rotors configurations, are sometimes in use due to their greater payload capacity than the monorotor design, and coaxial-rotor, tiltrotor, and compound helicopters are also all flying today. unicopter, not to be confused with the single-blade monocopter) has become the most common helicopter configuration. Īlthough most earlier designs used more than one main rotor, the configuration of a single main rotor accompanied by a vertical anti-torque tail rotor (i.e. In 1942, the Sikorsky R-4 became the first helicopter to reach full-scale production. These attributes allow helicopters to be used in congested or isolated areas where fixed-wing aircraft and many forms of short take-off and landing ( STOL) or short take-off and vertical landing ( STOVL) aircraft cannot perform without a runway. This allows the helicopter to take off and land vertically, to hover, and to fly forward, backward and laterally. JSTOR ( December 2023) ( Learn how and when to remove this template message)Ī Bell 206 helicopter operated by the Los Angeles Police Department Air Support DivisionĪ helicopter is a type of rotorcraft in which lift and thrust are supplied by horizontally spinning rotors.Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. This article needs additional citations for verification.
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